On January 22, the reporter learned from the “2017 Shaanxi Archaeological Discovery Public Reporting Conference†co-sponsored by the Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau and the Shaanxi Provincial Social Science Federation. After two years of archaeological excavations, archaeological workers were in Yan’an. Relics such as the site, the stove site and the bauxite wall were found in the Lushanyu site of the Baota District. A large number of pottery, stoneware, bones and jade articles were unearthed. Among them, the number of jade articles is large and the types are all, and the phenomenon of laying a foundation for jade is found in many places.
Unearthed jade knife
The Lushanyu site is located on the northwest side of Lushanyu Village, Liqu Town, Baota District, Yan'an City. It is adjacent to the two rivers of Chenduigou and Xinyugou, which are tributaries of the Yanhe River. The overall terrain is “mountain†shaped and has a distribution area of ​​over 2 million. Square meters, belonging to the super-large prehistoric settlement site. Judging from the shape characteristics of pottery vessels such as binaural cans and single handles unearthed from the site, the cultural features of the middle and late stages of the Lushanyu site are similar to those of the Guanzhongzhuang culture in the Guanzhong area and the Qijia culture in the eastern region. It belongs to the Longshan era, about 4,500 to 4,000 years ago.
Jade plays a very important role in the spiritual life of ancient society. It is the esteem of the prehistoric society in China, which is mainly used to worship the gods, to mark the social status of the people, and to be used for burial after death. It can be said that all cultural activities in ancient times They are inseparable from jade and jade. From this perspective, jade and jade are the carriers of culture and concept, and the first cornerstone of ancient civilization. Therefore, Chinese jade culture, jade concept, jade craft and art have been continuously developed and prospered, becoming China. A representative artifact of civilization.
It is understood that in the 1980s, a total of 28 jade articles were unearthed in Lushan Mountain. In recent years, 16 pieces of jade articles were unearthed in archaeological excavations. The total number of jade articles discovered is 44, and the categories include ç’§, ç®, 璇玑, ç’œ, shovel, ç‘—, Rings, axes, cymbals, cymbals, bracelets, knives, tigers, and accessories. In 2017, the first small town in the site was excavated. At present, the south wall and the west wall have been fully exposed. In the southwest corner, the phenomenon of laying a foundation with jade knife in the wall is found. At the same time, in the row of excavated houses. At the bottom of the wall, the phenomenon of laying a foundation for jade axe was also found. Ma Mingzhi, an associate researcher at the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, said that the archaeological excavation, the complete jade unearthed in the walls of the site and in the wall of the wall, should be used for the foundation sacrifice during the construction of the building. The jade unearthed is not large, but the shape is exquisite, the production is fine, and the workmanship is exquisite, which represents the level of jade production in the late Longshan culture.
What puzzles archaeologists is that in recent years, with the advancement of archaeological work, a large number of prehistoric jade artifacts were unearthed in northern Shaanxi, but no jade mines were found. So where did these jade materials for jade articles come from? Is it related to the water transportation of the Yellow River? These unsolved mysteries still need further archaeological work to answer them one by one.
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