Nepheline is a silicate containing aluminum and sodium. Colorless or white, sometimes gray, green or red. It has a glassy luster and a fatty luster on the fracture. Mohs hardness of 5.5-6, specific gravity of 2.55-2.66. Can be used to make aluminum, make glass and pottery. The chemical composition is KNa3 [AISiO4] 4, and the crystal belongs to a hexagonal system of silicate minerals. It is the most important feldspar mineral. It is mainly produced in alkaline intrusive rocks, volcanic rocks and pegmatites associated with syenite. Mainly used in the glass and ceramic industry, but also as a raw material for the extraction of aluminum.
Nepheline is the most common and dominant feldspar mineral, which is an aluminosilicate containing sodium and potassium. The crystals of nepheline are generally hexagonal columnar, short columnar or thick plate-like, and the crystals are aggregated into a granular shape and a block shape. The color is generally gray, or it may be light yellow, green, brown, blue, red, and the like. They have a glassy luster, which is also known as aragonite because it has a grease-like luster at the break.
Hexagonal system; -P63; a0 = 1.00 nm, c0 = 0.841 nm; Z = 2. The structure of nepheline is similar to that of β-scale quartz, and their c0 values ​​are similar. The a0 value of nepheline is twice the value of β-scale quartz a0. The β-scale quartz is replaced by Al, and the structure of nepheline is formed.
The appearance of alkali metals is used to balance the charge. As a result of the displacement, the structure is inevitably deformed, so that two different forms of six-rings appear in the structure.
Form: The crystal is often hexagonal or thick plate. It is often a twin crystal that looks like a single crystal. There may also be granular or dense block aggregates.
Nepheline syenite
Nepheline syenite is a deep alkaline rock. Gray, light green, light yellowish brown. Medium coarse grain. It has a granary structure. It is mainly composed of alkaline feldspar (65% to 70%), nepheline (15% to 025%) and alkaline dark minerals (10% to 15%). Alkaline feldspar is mainly feldspar, feldspar, micro-plagioclase and albite; alkaline dark minerals are mainly neonite, neon, sodium iron amphibole, and iron-rich sodium amphibole.
The annulus structure of pyroxene minerals develops. Common minerals such as magnetite, ilmenite, apatite, zircon, and vermiculite. The main rock varieties are: 1 Yunxia syenite. It is mainly composed of potassium feldspar, albite, nepheline and iron biotite. 2 Liuxia syenite. It is mainly composed of feldspar (57%), nepheline (20% to 25%), neon, pyroxene, hornblende and a small amount of biotite and albite. 3 sodium Xia Zheng Changyan. Its main feature is that the feldspar is albite. The typical Sodium syenite consists of platy nepheline (15% to 30%), long columnar albite (50% to 70%) and a small amount of dark minerals. In nature, it is mostly produced by rock beds and rock strains. It is often combined with alkaline syenite, alkaline granite, and alkaline gabbro to form a complex. The minerals associated with it are tantalum, niobium, rare earth, zirconium and uranium.
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